September 8, 2011
'Circumstance' :: to be young, rebellious and gay in Iran
Robert Nesti READ TIME: 6 MIN.
There's an intoxicating moment in Circumstance, the new lesbian-centered, Sundance award-winning Iranian family drama. A group of young women and men, flush from their seeming success at defying their country's authoritarian religious apparatus with underground raves and co-sexual dance parties, decides to smuggle in a film whose martyred protagonist is beyond the power of the mullahs to co-opt.
"We'll dub 'Milk' into Persian."
"They can't copy a gay figure."
"We'll pour into the streets together."
"I'll take the role of Milk. You'll be his lover, Diego Luna."
"It isn't about fucking, it's a human rights movement."
"Fuck all the mullahs who shit all over this country!"
"To Hollywood!"
We see the bigger-than-life image of Sean Penn as Harvey Milk, exhorting a sea of extras (including your intrepid critic) in front of Harvey Milk Plaza to remember how angry they are. One can only imagine the real Harvey's delight at the notion that his Hollywood-created doppelganger would someday lead a cinema revolt against foes far more insidious than white-bread American homophobes.
In the belly of the beast
Director Maryam Keshavarz plants her 16-year-old, girl-loving heroines firmly in the belly of the beast: 7th-century worshipping, 21st-century pop/tech-obsessed Tehran. How do young lesbians survive in a society lubricated by theology, bribes and arranged marriages? The wealthy Atafeh (Nikohl Boosheri) finds a willing playmate in orphan Shireen (Sarah Kazemy). At first, the girls bond harmlessly around swimming, singing and underground dance clubs. Trouble comes knocking in the form of Atafeh's formerly drug-addled brother Mehran (handsome Reza Sixo Safai, deliciously smarmy in the manner of a young John Cassavetes). Mehran's insidious video espionage on his family reminds us of early Atom Egoyan. Keshavarz deftly dissects the fault-lines in a wealthy, secular-leaning family whose Berkeley-educated dad has created a lovely bubble, a bourgeois utopia which at first seems impervious to the mullahs' morality police.
Fed up with the humiliating short leash of Dad's urine tests and weekly allowances, Mehran finds an alternative Dad at the mosque, the morality-squad chief, who disarms the troubled young man with charitable acts and the promise of a new life with property and a coerced marriage to his sister's girlfriend.
Taking good advantage of the outlaw status of her tiny undercover production, with Beirut standing in for Tehran, Keshavarz shows how well-intentioned idealists like Atafeh's American-educated dad can be tricked and bullied into constructing a life for their kids that is little more than a techno-embellished prison. Towards the film's end, Atafeh takes a last, nostalgic hike into the country with her now beaten-down father. Looking back at the religious-dictated shackles of a birthplace she will soon flee, Atafeh bitterly addresses him. "You created this world for us with that revolution of yours. Now we are forced to live under these circumstances."
Story continues on following page.
Watch the trailer to "Circumstance":
An underground gem
I first met Maryam Keshavarz and lead actor Reza Sixo Safai at the party for their film at the San Francisco International Film Festival, a night when a room full of Iranian exiles found their party interrupted by Blackberry updates on the American execution of Osama bin Laden. During our video chat, Keshavarz and Safai cradled details on making this underground gem (which will probably prevent them from visiting Iran during the reign of the mullahs) with anecdotes of their peripatetic childhoods.
First: the funny, revealing scenes where the young cast members are goofily translating 'Milk' into Persian.
Maryam Keshavarz: I went to Northwestern University, and I had this amazing gay history professor who showed us 'The Times of Harvey Milk.' I remember leaving the theatre so angry, because I have such a great education, but I had never heard of Harvey Milk. [To Reza Sixo Safai:] You had a similar experience.
Reza Sixo Safai I saw it on KQED, actually, it never left me. When I heard the movie ['Milk'] was being made, I thought, "Oh no, I hope they don't ruin it." But of course, it turned out great.
Maryam Keshavarz: I had this idealistic but naive character who wanted to come to Iran and "change the world." It's amazing that the Iranian government can co-opt many heroic figures, like Gandhi and Che, for their own use, what's the only one they couldn't do that with? 'Milk.' In Iran, the kids love the film 'Milk,' they loved 'Brokeback Mountain,' they were relating to the forbidden love.
I was born in New York, my parents came to America in the 1960s. There weren't enough doctors, the Vietnam War, so my dad came to Bed-Sty, Brooklyn, the summer of 1967. In 1982, my mom moved me back to Iran, and I went to second grade there during the height of the Iran/Iraq War. When you're a kid, you know it's a war but it seems like a game. Adults create a safe space: "Oh damn, they're bombing again, I can't get a hamburger." We're citizens of the world, but I always feel connected to my Iranian roots, because I lived between two countries that hate each other. As a child, I would chant, without really understanding it, "Death to America!" In America, I was absolutely harassed during the hostage crisis. Our neighbors, who knew us, would smash our windows, slash our tires, and beat us up at school.
Reza Sixo Safai I was born in Iran, and when I was young, pre-Revolution, we came to the States. My dad worked for the steel industry. We went to Disney World, a Texas rodeo, then back to Iran. My dad's not religious, so as soon as he was asked to pray at work, he said, "Okay, we're leaving." They kept us at U.S. customs for an unbelievably long time. It was the moment when you realize that your dad is not all-powerful. I experienced a lot of racism, so my early strategy was to distance myself from being Iranian. It feeds me as an actor: I had to play this role observing everyone around me, very Mehran-like.
Circumstance is in limited release in cities throughout the country. For more on the film, visit
Watch the interview with Maryam Keshavarz, writer/director of Circumstance":
Robert Nesti can be reached at [email protected].
